Breast self-examination is an important technique that can be used to detect lumps or other changes which may indicate the presence of cancer.

Breast self-examination (BSE) should be performed monthly, ideally at the same time each month or, if you are pre-menopausal, at the end of your menstrual cycle. BSE consists of both a visual and physical examination of your breasts. Basic steps in performing BSE include:

1. In front of a mirror visually examine your breasts, noting size, shape and general appearance; note any lumps, puckered or dimpled skin.
2. Still in front of the mirror, raise one arm after the other and note any changes in appearance of your breasts. Turn sideways and examine your breast from the side, looking for any changes since you last examined the outline of your breast. Examine your other breast from the side.
3. Examine the skin on your breasts; note any unusual texture which could indicate an under-lying lump.
4. Examine the nipples; squeeze nipples gently watching for any discharge.
5. Lie down, with one arm at your side, and examine your opposite breast with the flat of your hand. Using small circular motion, work slowly around the breast (both inside and outside). Repeat with your arm raised above your head. Also feel the area around the collarbone and into the armpit.
6. Repeat above with opposite hand and breast.
7. Report any irregularities to your family doctor.

Performing breast self-examination is an important personal health care function that you can easily do yourself. Remember, early detection of cancer is the key to lengthened survival and cure.